This page gives guide for using the three programs discussed in the Google Organizational Tools class- Calendar, Maps, and Keep. Google Maps can be used without logging into a Google account, but Calendar and Keep require the account at all times.
While performing a Google search doesn't require having a Google account, many of the other apps do require that you be logged in at all times. These include Docs, Sheets, Drive, Calendar, Slides, Gmail, and Keep. You use one Google login for all of the different apps. Making an account is free, and you can use an existing email from another platform (Yahoo, Outlook, AOL, etc.) if you don't want to make a Gmail email.